Parliament/Funkadelic

 Ten niezwykły amerykański kwintet wokalny powstał w 1965 r. z inicjatywy George'a Clintona (ur. 22.07.1941 r. w Kannapolis w stanie Północna Karolina), Raymonda Davisa (ur. 29.03.1940 r. w Sumter w stanie Południowa Karolina), Calvina Simona (ur. 22.05.1942 r. w Beckley w Zachodniej Wirginii), Clarence'a "Fuzzy" Haskinsa (ur. 8.06.1941 r. w Elkhorn w Zachodniej Wirginii) i Grady'ego Thomasa (ur. 5.01.1941 r. w Newark w stanie New Jersey).

 

Zainteresowanie George'a Clintona muzyką objawiło się w pełni dopiero po jego przeprowadzce wraz z rodziną do Plainfield w stanie New Jersey. Tam też założył grupę The Parliaments na wzór formacji doo-wop Frankie Lymon And The Teenagers. W tym okresie kwintet nagrał dwa single: "Poor Willie" i "Lonely Island", ale dopiero w 1967 r. Clinton obrał bardziej zdecydowany muzyczny kierunek rejestrując kompozycję "(I Wanna) Testify". Singel ten nagrany w Detroit trafił do Top 20 amerykańskiej listy przebojów, ale wszystkie związane z nim plany spaliły na panewce, gdy wytwórnia Revilot, z którą zespół był związany kontraktem, wycofała się z muzycznego biznesu. Wszystkie istniejące umowy sprzedano wówczas koncernowi Atlantic, lecz George wolał zrezyg nować z nazwy The Parliaments, by móc podpisać kontrakt na własną rękę.
 

Schronił się wraz z kolegami pod opiekuńcze skrzydła firmy Westbound Records, dla której nagrywali pod szyldem Funkadelic. W 1970 r. rozwiązano ostatecznie problemy z nazwą i muzycy podpisali kontrakt z wytwórnią Invictus już jako Parliament. W 1970 r. zarejestrowali debiutancki eksperymentalny album Osmium, po czym zanotowali na swoim koncie rhythm'n'bluesowy przebój "Breakdown". Przez następne trzy lata "Parliafunkadelicament Thang" skoncentrowali się na nagraniach Funkadelic, lecz nieporozumienia i spory w wytwórni Westbound doprowadziły do "drugich narodzin" formacji Parliament.
 

Podpisawszy w 1974 r. kontrakt z wytwórnią Casablanca, zarejestrowali dla niej swoje pierwsze single: "Up For The Down Stroke", "Chocolate City" i "P. Funk (Wants To Get Funked Up)", które były już nieco mniej radykalne niż materiał proponowany wcześniej przez Clintona. Pod sztandarem P. Funk zebrało się w tym okresie około 40 muzyków, wśród których znaleźli się "uchodźcy" z obozu Jamesa Browna: Bootsy Collins, Fred Wesley i Maceo Parker. Koncerty formacji były mieszaniną dokonań Parliament i grupy towarzyszącej Brownowi. Tymczasem Parliament kontynuowali swą dobrą passę na rhythm'n'bluesowej liście przebojów, umieszczając tam kompozycję "Give Up The Funk (Tear The Roof Off The Sucker)" (w 1976 r.) i dwa bestsellery z 1978 r.: "Flashlight" i "Aqua Boogie (A Psychoalphadiscobeta-bioaquadoloop)". Ostry funk grupy uzupełniała w nich doskonała sekcja dęta i niezwykła wizja lidera. Ostatnim przebojem umieszczonym w zestawieniach był "Agony Of Defeet" z 1980 r. Clinton zrezygnował potem ponownie z nazwy Parliament w wyniku problemów wynikłych z nabycia katalogu nagrań wytwórni Casablanca przez Polygram.

Single
Tytuł	Wykonawca	Data wydania	UK	US	Wytwórnia [US]	Komentarz
Poor Willie/Party Boys	Parliaments	.1958r	-	-	APT 45-25 036	[written by C. Davis, R. Lambert, G. Thomas, D. Mitchell, G. Clinton]
Lonely Island/(You Made Me Wanna) Cry	Parliaments	.1959	-	-	Flipp FL 45-100/101	[written by Murray, Carlos ]
Heart Trouble/(That Was) My Girl	Parliaments	.1965	-	-	Golden World 36	[written by G. Clinton, S. Barnes][produced by Geo-Si-Mik]
(I Wanna) Testify/I Can Feel The Ice Melting	Parliaments	07.1967	-	20[13]	Revilot RV 207	[written by D. Taylor, G. Clinton][produced by George Clinton][3[15].R&B Chart]
All Your Goodies Are Gone (Let Hurt Put You In The Loser's Seat)/Don't Be Sore At Me	Parliaments	10.1967	-	80[7]	Revilot RV 211	[written by G. Clinton, C. Haskins, B. Nelson][produced by Clinton, Taylor][21[8].R&B Chart]
Little Man/The Goose(That Laid The Golden Egg)	Parliaments	.1967	-	-	Revilot RV 214	[written by G. Clinton, T. Lewis][produced by Clinton, Taylor]
Look At What I Almost Missed/What You Been Growing	Parliaments	04.1968	-	104[4]	Revilot RV 217	[written by G. Clinton, T. Lewis][produced by Clinton, Taylor]
A New Day Begins/I'll Wait	Parliaments	.1968	-	-	Revilot RV 228	[written by G. Clinton][produced by LeBaron][44[2].R&B Chart]
Music For My Mother/Instrumental	Funkadelic	03.1969	-	-	Westbound 148	[written by G. Clinton, E. Hazel, B. Nelson][50[1].R&B Chart]
I'll Bet You/Qualify & Satisfy	Funkadelic	10.1969	-	63[7]	Westbound 150	[written by G. Clinton, S. Barnes, T. Lindsey][22[5].R&B Chart]
I Got A Thing, You Got A Thing, Everybody's Got A Thing/Fish 'n' Chips And Sweat	Funkadelic	03.1970	-	80[6]	Westbound 158	[written by C. Haskins][produced by George Clinton][30[6].R&B Chart]
I Wanna Know If It's Good To You?/(Instrumental)	Funkadelic	08.1970	-	81[4]	Westbound 167	[written by G. Clinton, B. Nelson, E. Hazel, C. Haskins][produced by George Clinton][27[6].R&B Chart]
You And Your Folks, Me And My Folks/Funky Dollar Bill	Funkadelic	04.1971	-	91[2]	Westbound 175	[written by G. Clinton, B. Worrell, J. Jones][produced by George Clinton][42[3].R&B Chart]
Can You Get To That/Back In Our Minds	Funkadelic	09.1971	-	93[3]	Westbound 185	[written by G. Clinton, E. Harris][produced by George Clinton][44[5].R&B Chart]
The Breakdown/Little Ole Country Boy	Parliament	08.1971	-	107[2]	Invictus IS 9095	[written by George Clinton/Ruth Copeland/Clyde Wilson][30[5].R&B Chart]
Loose Booty/A Joyful Process	Funkadelic	03.1973	-	118[2]	Westbound 205	[A:written by G. Clinton, H. Beane][B:written by G. Clinton, B. Worrell][produced by George Clinton][A:49[3].R&B Chart][B:38[4].R&B Chart]
Cosmic Slop/If You Don't Like The Effects, Don't Produce The Cause	Funkadelic	10.1973	-	102[12]	Westbound 218	[written by G. Clinton, B. Worrell][produced by George Clinton]
Testify/I Can Move You (If You Let Me)	Parliament	12.1974	-	-	Casablanca 811	[written by G. Clinton, D. Taylor][produced by George Clinton][77[5].R&B Chart]
Up For The Down Stroke/Presence Of A Brain	Parliament	08.1974	-	63[9]	Casablanca 0013	[written by G. Clinton, W. Collins, C. Haskens, B. Worrell][produced by George Clinton][10[16].R&B Chart]
Standing On The Verge Of Getting It On/ Jimmy's Got A Little Bit Of Bitch In Him	Funkadelic	.1974	-	-	Westbound 224	[written by G. Clinton][produced by George Clinton][27[15].R&B Chart]
Chocolate City/ (long version)	Parliament	06.1975	-	94[3]	Casablanca NB 831	[written by G. Clinton, W. Collins, B. Worrell][produced by George Clinton][24[14].R&B Chart]
Ride On/Big Footin'	Parliament	.1975	-	64.R&B; Chart	Casablanca NB 843	[written by G. Clinton, W. Collins, B. Worrell][produced by George Clinton][64[7].R&B Chart]
Red Hot Momma/Vital Juices	Funkadelic	03.1975	-	-	Westbound 224	[written by B. Worral, E. Hazel, G. Clintpon][produced by George Clinton][73[8].R&B Chart]
Better By The Pound/Stuff & Things	Funkadelic	11.1975	-	99[3]	Westbound 5014	[written by G. Clinton, G. Cook][produced by George Clinton]
P.Funk (Wants To Get Funked Up)/Night Of The Thumpasorus Peoples	Parliament	02.1976	-	-	Casablanca NB 852	[written by G. Clinton, B. Collins, B. Worrell][produced by George Clinton][33[10].R&B Chart]
Let's Take It To The Stage/Biological Speculation	Funkadelic	07.1976	-	-	Westbound WT 5026	[written by G. Clinton, W. Collins, G. Shider][produced by George Clinton][89[5].R&B Chart]
Undisco Kidd/How Do Yeaw View You	Funkadelic	10.1976	-	102[4]	Westbound WT 5029	[written by G. Clinton, W. Collins, B. Worrell][produced by George Clinton][30[12].R&B Chart]
Tear The Roof Off The Sucker (Give Up The Funk)/ P.Funk (Wants To Get Funked Up)	Parliament	05.1976	-	15[17]	Casablanca NB 856	[gold-US][written by G. Clinton, B. Collins, J. Brailey][produced by George Clinton][5[10].R&B Chart]
Star Child (Mothership Connection)/Supergroovalisticprosifunkstication (The Thumps Bump)	Parliament	09.1976	-	-	Casablanca NB 864	[written by Clinton, Collins, Worrell][produced by George Clinton][26[10].R&B Chart]
Do That Stuff/Handcuffs	Parliament	11.1976	-	-	Casablanca NB 871	[written by Clinton, Shider, Worrell][produced by George Clinton][22[15].R&B Chart]
Comin' Round The Mountain/If You Got Funk,You Got Style	Funkadelic	01.1977	-	-	Warner Bros. 8309	[written by G. Clinton, G. Cook][produced by George Clinton][54[8].R&B Chart]
Smokey/Soul Mate	Funkadelic	.1977	-	96.R&B; Chart	Warner Bros. WBS 8367	[written by G. Clinton, G. Shider][produced by George Clinton][96[3].R&B Chart]
Dr. Funkenstein/Children Of Production	Parliament	03.1977	-	102[2]	Casablanca NB 875	[written by Clinton, Collins, Worrell][produced by George Clinton][43[8].R&B Chart]
Fantasy Is Reality/The Landing Of The Holy Mothership	Parliament	07.1977	-	-	Casablanca NB 892	[written by G. Clinton, B. Worrell, L. Ware][produced by George Clinton][54[10].R&B Chart]
Bop Gun /I've Been Watching You(Move Your Sexy Body)	Parliament	12.1977	-	102[9]	Casablanca NB 900	[written by George Clinton, Gary Shider, William Collins][produced by George Clinton][14[15].R&B Chart]
Flash Light/Swing Down, Sweet Chariot	Parliament	02.1978	-	16[16]	Casablanca NB 909	[gold-US][written by G. Clinton, B. Worrell, W. Collins][produced by George Clinton][1[3][20].R&B Chart]
Maggot Brain/Chant (Think! It Ain't Illegal Yet)	Funkadelic	.1978	-	-	Warner Bros. BSK 3209	[written by G. Clinton, E. Hazel][produced by George Clinton]
One Nation Under A Groove (Part 1)/Part 2	Funkadelic	09.1978	9[12]	28[14]	Warner Bros. 8618	[gold-US][written by G. Clinton, G. Shider, W. Morrison][produced by George Clinton][1[6][25].R&B Chart][31[2].Hot Disco/Dance;Warner 766 12"]
Funkentelechy/Part 2	Parliament	06.1978	-	-	Casablanca NB 921	[written by G. Clinton, W. Collins][produced by George Clinton][27[10].R&B Chart]
Aqua Boogie (A Psychoalphadisco-betabioaquadoloop)/(You're A Fish And I'm A)	Parliament	02.1979	-	89[2]	Casablanca NB 950	[written by G. Clinton, W. Collins, B. Worrell][produced by George Clinton][1[4][18].R&B Chart]
(Not Just) Knee Deep - Part 1/Part 2	Funkadelic	10.1979	-	77[4]	Warner Bros. 49 040	[written by George Clinton][produced by Dr. Funkenstein][1[3][20].R&B Chart]
Cholly (Funk Getting Ready To Roll!)/Into You	Funkadelic	02.1979	-	-	Warner Bros. WBS 8735	[written by W. Collins, W. Morrison, G. Clinton][produced by George Clinton][43[7].R&B Chart]
Uncle Jam (Part 1)/Part 2	Funkadelic	12.1979	-	-	Warner Bros. WBS 49 117	[written by G. Clinton, G. Snider, B. Worrell, W. Collins][produced by Dr. Funkenstein ][53[8].R&B Chart]
Rumpofsteelskin/Liquid Sunshine	Parliament	04.1979	-	63.R&B; Chart	Casablanca NB 976	[written by G. Clinton, W. Collins][produced by George Clinton][63[5].R&B Chart]
Party People/Party People (Reprise)	Parliament	11.1979	-	-	Casablanca NB 2222	[written by G. Clinton, W. Collins, G. Shider][produced by Dr. Funkenstein][39[10].R&B Chart]
Theme From The Black Hole/(You're A Fish And I'm A) Water Sign	Parliament	01.1980	-	-	Casablanca NB 2235	[written by W. Collins, G. Clinton, J. S. Theracon][produced by George Clinton ][8[16].R&B Chart]
Agony Of Defeet/The Freeze (Sizzaleenmean)	Parliament	11.1980	-	-	Casablanca NB 2317	[written by R. Dunbar, D. Sterling, D. Clinton][produced by George Clinton, Ron Dunbar ][7[14].R&B Chart]
The Big Bang Theory/Part 2	Parliament	04.1980	-	-	Casablanca NB 2250	[written by D. Sterling, R. Dunbar, G. Clinton][produced by George Clinton, Ron Dunbar ][50[7].R&B Chart]
Connections And Disconnections/The Witch	Funkadelic	03.1981	-	-	Lax 70055	[produced by Greg Errico, Clarence Haskins, Calvin Simon, Grady Thomas][68[12].R&B Chart]
The Electric Spanking Of War Babies/Instrumental	Funkadelic	04.1981	-	-	Warner Bros. WBS 49 667	[written by George Clinton, Barbarella Bishop, Walter Morrison][produced by George Clinton, Walter Morrison][60[6].R&B Chart]
Shockwaves/Brettino's Bounce	Funkadelic	.1981	-	-	Warner Bros WBS 49 807
Gettin' it/Never talk down	Too Short feat Parliament Funkadelic	08.1996	-	68[10]	Jive 42 409

Albumy
Tytuł	Wykonawca	Data wydania	UK	US	Wytwórnia [US]	Komentarz
Funkadelic	Funkadelic	03.1970	-	126[17]	Westbound 2000	[Producers: George Clinton ]
Free your mind...and your ass will follow	Funkadelic	10.1970	-	92[11]	Westbound 2001	[Producers: George Clinton ]
Maggot brain	Funkadelic	08.1971	-	108[16]	Westbound 2007	[Producers: George Clinton ]
America eats it' s young	Funkadelic	06.1972	-	123[15]	Westbound 2020	[Producers: George Clinton ]
Cosmic slop	Funkadelic	07.1973	-	112[13]	Westbound 2022	[Producers: George Clinton ]
Standing on the verge of getting it on	Funkadelic	09.1974	-	163[5]	Westbound 1001	[Producers: George Clinton ]
Chocolate City	Parliament	05.1975	-	91[18]	Casablanca 7014	[Producers: George Clinton ]
Let' s take it to the stage	Funkadelic	07.1975	-	102[16]	Westbound 215	[Producers: George Clinton ]
Mothership connection	Parliament	02.1976	-	13[37]	Casablanca 7022	[platinum-US][Producers: George Clinton ]
Tales of Kidd Funkadelic	Funkadelic	10.1976	-	103[10]	Westbound 227	[Producers: George Clinton ]
The clones of dr Funkenstein	Parliament	10.1976	-	20[22]	Casablanca 7034	[gold-US][Producers: George Clinton ]
Hardcore Jollies	Funkadelic	11.1976	-	96[12]	Warner 2973	[Producers: George Clinton ]
Parliament live/P.Funk Earth Tour	Parliament	05.1977	-	29[19]	Casablanca 7053	[gold-US][Producers: George Clinton ]
Funkentelechy vs The Placebo Syndrome	Parliament	12.1977	-	13[34]	Casablanca 7084	[platinum-US][Producers: George Clinton ]
One nation under a groove	Funkadelic	10.1978	56[5]	16[22]	Warner 3209	[platinium-US][Producers: George Clinton ]
Motor-booty affair	Parliament	12.1978	-	23[18]	Casablanca 7125	[gold-UK][Producers: George Clinton ]
Gloryhallastoopid [Or pin the tale on the funky]	Parliament	12.1979	-	44[19]	Casablanca 7195	[gold-UK][Producers: George Clinton ]
Uncle jam wants you	Funkadelic	10.1979	-	18[17]	Warner 3371	[gold-UK][Producers: George Clinton ]
Trombipulation	Parliament	01.1981	-	61[7]	Casablanca 7249	[Producers: Walter "Junie" Morrison , Bootsy Collins , George Clinton , Ronnie Dunbar , Ron Ford]
The electric spanking of war babies	Funkadelic	08.1981	-	105[4]	Warner 3482	[Producers: Walter "Junie" Morrison , Bootsy Collins , George Clinton , Ron Ford , Gary Shider ]
Connections & disconnections	Funkadelic	04.1981	-	151[4]	LAX 37 087